With regard to my previous articles of the summary of LDEs, the following is an 
additional details and back ground information in part.

・The original text.
The summary is derived from the original text of 59 magazine, composed of six is
sues, 24 pages in total from January 2003 ed. to October 2004 ed. written in Jap
anese.

・What does mean double echoes?
This means at least two reflectors. Multiple echoes would be common in the plane
tary space compared with a single echo.  Mr. Nakanish, JA3ONB, could not hear an
y echoes of the party (FO/OH6NK).  He could hear only his own echoes very later.
  This nature is very common in this type of LDEs.

・The Doppler shift.
It is considered that these frequency shifts of Mr. Nakanishi, JA3ONB were deriv
ed from Doppler shift, not from the failure of the receiver.  Due to the round t
rip equation, it seems that these corresponds to the apparent velocity of the re
flector to the earth, such as + 25km/s., +8km/s., and -17km/s., respectively.  I
t could be unrealistic to occur on the MW and HF bands on the earth because of v
ery low velocity of a medium (plasma).  It is only possible in the space under s
uch high velocity circumstances as high speed Solar wind (1200km/s.), plasmaid i
n a geomagnetic tail (850km/s.), average solar wind (420km/s.), and EKBO flutter
ing(?) (25km/s.).  Therefore such Doppler shift will be one of the strong eviden
ce what is happening outside of the earth.

・Un-detectable LDEs.
It could be possible to exist undetectable or unheard echoes due to high discrep
ancy of sending and returning signals in the space.  Being not detectable and th
e nothing are the different things.

・Circumstantial evidences to occur LDEs in the space.
As I mentioned above, severe signal distortion which reflects severe environment
al conditions in the space, will be strong supporting evidences of LDEs coming b
ack faraway from the space.

・Signal distortion.
In the polar ionosphere of the earth, radio wave of VHF and UHF suffer some dist
ortion due to plasma convection up to 1.0km/s. and fluttering of plasma curtains
 (Auroral curtain).  Radio aurora and auroral E propagation will be responsible 
to the distortion.  In the space, even radio wave of MW. and LF suffer severe di
stortion of high speed plasma up to 1200km/s..  Grade and Doppler shift amount w
ill be proportional to both radio frequency and the speed of a medium (plasma, i
onosphere, reflector etc.).  The both are good indicators to know the circumstan
ces of plasma in the space.

・Various types of LDEs.
Since Dellinger's paper of LDEs on "QST" in 1930 until now, so many reports expr
essed that there were various types of LDEs coming out, shorter or longer the de
laying time, lower or higher the radio frequency from the MW up to 2.2GHz ("The 
Nature", OZ9CR Moon bounes signal, 1975), and wherever it is in Europe, North an
d South America and Asia as well, LDEs occur everywhere.

・Radio window.
Ionosphere which has low plasma frequency has sometimes an open window high abov
e the sky penetrating radio wave freely.  In northern hemisphere, Temperate zone
 of mid latitude ranging 45-60 digrees, from fall to winter, large window of F l
ayer come out in the night.

・Radar equation.
The radar equation indicates that when the target is wide-spread plasma or could,
 the distance loss of return signal will be only proportional to r2 (r=distance 
to/from the target).  On the other hand when the target is a conductive metallic
 ball, return signal from the ball will have the distance loss which proportiona
l to r4 (r2 multiple once again r2=r4).  Simple comparison on r2 and r4 introduc
es astronomical difference.  Conclusively these suggest us the existence of hypo
thetical huge interplanetary ionosphere in the space.

* r2 means the second power of r.
* r4 means the fourth power of r.